Nilfisk Centralized Industrial Vacuum Systems
In large factories with extensive floor areas, multiple production zones or numerous machines requiring regular cleaning, using separate vacuum cleaners can make waste collection time-consuming and difficult to coordinate. A centralized vacuum system provides a solution by locating the main suction source in one fixed unit and distributing vacuum through a pipeline network designed around the factory layout.
Nilfisk Centralized Vacuum Systems (CVS) are designed to collect dust and materials from multiple locations throughout a facility. Operators can connect cleaning tools to designated vacuum inlets or use the system to supply vacuum to machinery and production processes. Collected materials are transported through the pipeline network to a central collection area, making disposal or recycling more convenient.
1. Main Components of a Centralized Vacuum System
A Nilfisk centralized vacuum system generally consists of the following main components, selected and arranged according to the requirements of each project:
- Fixed Suction Unit (FSU): the main vacuum-generating unit, supplying the airflow and vacuum level required by the system's collection points. FSU units are available in different power ratings and configurations.
- Control panel: manages the operation of the suction unit and allows the system to be configured according to operating requirements. Depending on the version, the control system can be configured for different numbers of users and operating conditions.
- Filtration system and collection chamber: receive and filter materials transported through the pipeline network, retaining dust and waste before the air is treated according to the system design.
- Pipeline network: connects the suction unit to the required locations throughout the factory. Branch pipes and vacuum inlets are arranged according to the facility layout, distances and collection requirements.
- Vacuum inlets and accessories: include vacuum connection points, quick couplings and accessories that allow operators to connect cleaning tools where needed.
- Discharge components and pre-separators: support the collection, separation or preliminary handling of materials before they enter the main system. Depending on the application, liquid, heavy-duty or hot-material pre-separators may be used.
2. Operating Principle
The fixed suction unit generates vacuum for the entire pipeline network. When an operator opens a vacuum inlet or machinery is connected to the system, airflow transports dust and waste from the collection point through the pipeline to the central filtration and collection area.
Collected materials are retained in the filtration system or collection equipment according to the system design. Waste is gathered in one location, which can be positioned inside or outside the factory, making inspection, discharge and disposal more convenient.
According to Nilfisk documentation, the system can collect materials from multiple inlets simultaneously, operate continuously and connect to process machinery to provide vacuum where required. Actual simultaneous operation depends on the system design, suction unit capacity, pipeline dimensions and the calculated number of active collection points.
3. Nilfisk Centralized Vacuum System Equipment Ranges
Nilfisk's centralized vacuum system range includes FSU fixed suction units and FDC material collection and filtration equipment. These components perform different functions within the overall solution.
3.1. FSU Fixed Suction Units
The FSU (Fixed Suction Unit) is the central vacuum-generating component. It supplies the airflow and vacuum level required by the connected collection points throughout the factory. The FSU range features a modular design, with different sizes and power ratings to meet individual system requirements.
Some models introduced by Nilfisk include:
- FSU08: a fixed suction unit with a rated power of 7.5 kW as presented by Nilfisk.
- FSU13: a fixed suction unit with a rated power of 12.5 kW.
- FSU19 Z22: a fixed suction unit version with an ATEX Zone 22 configuration and a rated power of 18.5 kW.
- FSU22 LARGE: a 21.3 kW fixed suction unit designed for systems requiring higher power.
In addition to standard versions, Nilfisk also offers FSU configurations with inverters, high-efficiency designs or specifications for ATEX Zone 22 areas. Not all FSU versions share the same configuration or certification. Selection must be based on the exact product number and installation requirements.
3.2. FDC Material Collection and Filtration Equipment
FDC is a range of equipment designed to collect, filter and discharge materials within the system. Nilfisk presents the following models with different material handling capacities:
- FDC05: collects, filters and disposes of up to 60 litres of material.
- FDC07: collects, filters and disposes of up to 200 litres of material.
- FDC12: collects, filters and disposes of up to 720 litres of material.
These capacities are based on Nilfisk's published product information. When designing a system, the material type, dust characteristics, filtration requirements and suitable discharge method must also be evaluated for the intended application.
4. Applications of Centralized Vacuum Systems
- Large manufacturing facilities: installing multiple vacuum inlets throughout production areas, corridors and waste collection points to coordinate cleaning through one system.
- Mechanical and metalworking facilities: collecting dust and production waste around machinery, equipment and production lines. Suitable separation and collection components must be selected according to the material characteristics.
- Food and pharmaceutical facilities: collecting powders, ingredients and production dust through systems designed with filtration configurations suited to the hygiene requirements of each area.
- Multi-floor or large facilities: bringing vacuum inlets to the required cleaning locations and reducing the need to move separate vacuum cleaners between areas.
- Automated production lines: connecting the vacuum system to machinery and production processes to collect materials at designated points.
5. Benefits of Centralized Vacuum Systems
- Centralized collection: multiple vacuum inlets are connected to one system, helping coordinate cleaning activities.
- Support for continuous operation: the fixed suction unit is designed for applications requiring frequent or continuous operation, depending on the system configuration.
- Collection at a single location: materials are transported to a central collection area, simplifying inspection, disposal and recycling where appropriate.
- Integration with production processes: the system can supply vacuum to multiple collection points or connect to machinery, depending on the design.
- Factory-specific system design: the modular structure allows the suction unit, filtration system, pipelines and accessories to be selected according to each facility's requirements.
6. Consultation and Selection of a Centralized Vacuum System
Unlike selecting an individual vacuum cleaner, designing a centralized vacuum system requires an overall assessment from the beginning. Businesses should identify the factory area, number of vacuum inlets, pipeline distances, number of simultaneous users and characteristics of the materials to be collected.
Important factors to consider include:
- Types of dust, materials and waste generated in each area.
- Required airflow and vacuum pressure at the collection points.
- Pipeline diameter, length and network layout.
- Number of simultaneously operating inlets and operating hours.
- Filtration, collection, discharge and material recycling requirements.
- Installation conditions, electrical supply and safety requirements of the production area.
For areas containing combustible dust or potentially explosive atmospheres, the hazardous area classification must be assessed and the correct equipment configuration selected with the appropriate certification. An entire centralized vacuum system cannot automatically be considered ATEX-compliant simply because one individual component has an ATEX version.
PAN can receive information about the facility layout and operating requirements to discuss and advise on equipment options and system configurations suited to the business's needs.
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